Gateway

Primary function of Gateway is to provide access to remote devices communicating with different protocols. Gateway connects to these remote devices and to the Event Server and serves as the intermediary between remote devices and other components. Once a remote device sends a message to Gateway, it will send the appropriate Event registration request to the Event Server. The same logic is applied in reverse - Gateway sends a message to a remote device once the Event server creates an appropriate Event. With this functionality, Gateway provides bidirectional translation between communication protocols and Event Server’s events.

Running

By installing Gateway from hat-gateway package, executable hat-gateway becomes available and can be used for starting this component.

Usage: hat-gateway [OPTIONS]

  Gateway

Options:
  --conf PATH  configuration defined by hat://gateway/main.yaml# (default
               $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/hat/gateway.{yaml|yml|json})

  --help       Show this message and exit.

Overview

Gateway functionality can be defined according to following components:

Functionality is dependent on active connection to Event Server. Engine is created when connection with Event Server is established and destroyed if this connection is closed. If connection with Event Server is closed, Gateway will repeatedly try to establish new connection with currently active Event Server. If connection to Monitor Server could not be established or is closed, Gateway terminates it’s process execution.

Event Server communication

Communication between Event Server and Gateway is based on Gateway’s requests for event registrations and Event Server’s notification of newly created events. Additionally, Gateway can query previously registered events persisted by Event Server.

All events, consumed and registered by Gateway’s request, have event type prefixed with:

'gateway', <gateway_name>, <device_type>, <device_name>, <source>, ...

where:

• <gateway_name> - gateway instance identifier

• <device_type> - device type identifier

• <device_name> - device instance identifier

• <source> - gateway for events registered by Gateway and system for events registered by other components

While establishing connection with Event Server, Gateway subscribes for events that match:

'gateway', <gateway_name>, '?', '?', 'system', '*'

All devices, regardless of device type, support following events:

• ‘gateway’, <gateway_name>, <device_type>, <device_name>, ‘system’, ‘enable’

  • source timestamp - optional timestamp when component issued event register request

  • payload - JSON payload encoding boolean value which represents device’s enabled status

• ‘gateway’, <gateway_name>, <device_type>, <device_name>, ‘gateway’, ‘running’

  • source timestamp - required timestamp when Device is successfully created (started) or destroyed (stopped)

  • payload - JSON payload encoding boolean value set to true when Device is successfully created (started) or destroyed (stopped)

All other Gateway events are specified in dependence of <device_type>.

Engine

Central part responsible for device orchestration. It is created when new connection with Event Server is established and destroyed when connection is closed. During initialization, engine creates new instance of device proxy for each configured device. These device proxies are destroyed during engine deletion procedure.

Device proxy

Each device proxy is responsible for managing lifetime of single device and providing custom device’s interface to event server. Device lifetime is dependent of last enable event state. During initialization, device proxy registers a new running event with payload false, queries last device’s associated enable event and keeps monitoring for any new enable events. When device is enabled, proxy creates new instance of device. Once device is successfully created, proxy registers new running event with payload true. If at any time device is disabled, proxy will destroy associated device instance and continue waiting for new enable event. When device is successfully destroyed, proxy will try to register new running event with payload false. Once proxy is destroyed, associated device is also destroyed.

Prior to new device instance initialization, responsibility of proxy is to create interface for event server communication appropriate for associated device. This interface provides event filtering (based on event type) specific for associated device. Newly received events are passed to device only when devices running state is true (after successful initialization and until device is successfully destroyed).

Todo

maybe we should start putting new events to DeviceEventClient prior to calling create_device

Device

Devices provide abstraction for mapping custom communication protocols to Event Server’s events. Event mapping is uniquely defined according to each device type. Implementation of device logic interfaces with other devices and Gateway’s core logic so additional care should be taken during device implementation (Gateway doesn’t provide sandbox environment for execution of device logic).

Devices available as part of hat-gateway package:

• IEC 60870-5-104 devices

Implementation

Documentation is available as part of generated API reference:

• Python hat.gateway module